At NAB 2013, a proposal began to be socialized in the industry through which a single global Digital TV system should begin to be implemented, starting in 2016.
Paul P. Diaz
The television system, in the analog domain, developed in the United States was given the name NTSC (National Television System Committee). He was born in 1946 in black and white; in 1953 the color was added and in 1984 it was given stereo sound. These evolutions were developed in such a way that the original system (B&N and monophonic) could be received – decoded – by the two later versions. The current digital standard is totally different, but retains the same six MHz bandwidth.
Before moving forward, and to avoid inconsistencies, it is necessary to define what is analog, what is analog and what is digital.
Analog, analogous: Adjective; similar, similar to, similar to. Electr.; pole that in a pyroelectric body becomes positive when the temperature rises and negative when the temperature decreases.
Analog: a method of calculation that, to solve a problem, uses its analogy with measurements of physical quantities.
Digital: In computer science, they are calculators that operate with data represented by discrete series.
The expression "migration process from TV-like to digital television" gives you a clear idea of what it is? ... But if it says "process of migration from analog TV to digital TV" the expression acquires meaning.
Historical TV data. worldwide
With the emergence and subsequent development of the computer, – in the mid-1940s – the vertiginous acceleration of modernism of the current era began.
In 1978 the first Digital TV equipment appeared: the Time Base Corrector or TBC. It was followed by the "Squeeze Zoom", which evolved into "digital effects". Very soon (decade of the 80s) appeared the digital recorders of analog video converted to the digital domain in both component and composite formats.
Towards the end of this same decade, the digital video with the name CCIR 601 appeared in the studio. With the appearance of the ITU (International Communications Union), – a UN agency – the name of the standard was changed, but it retained its surname: ITU. R-BT 601, which became the global standard for digital video for video production.
This was the first concrete and firm step towards the crystallization of the idea proposed in 1990 – September – when the GSC (Global Standards Collaboration), was born in the ITSC (Inter-regional Telecommunications Standards Conference). The proposal was to have a single digital television format on planet Earth. In the NABs of 2012 and 2013 this idea was reiterated. In 2013 it was proposed to begin the installation of the single global Digital TV system in 2016.
ATSC Process Summary
The NTSC (National Television System Committee), was the name given to analog television adopted in the U.S. in 1946, which was given color in 1953 and given stereophonic sound in 1984. But the first receiver model was able to continue receiving a black and white signal because the TV signal carried in separate carriers the color and luminance as well as the stereo sound in a single channel.
In 1987 the broadcast television companies expressed to the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) their concern about the advance of Digital TV in the world, and the need to be able to transmit in High Definition (HD-DTV). In response, the FCC created the ATSC (Advanced Television System Committee).
In 1992 the first document of the ATSC standard was issued; After a year of studies of several systems presented by the electronics industry – more than twenty – the Grand Alliance was created to define a unique system, formed with the best of the seven finalist proponents. There were three groups formed like this: 1) AT&T and Zenith. 2) General Instruments and MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). 3) Philips, Thomson and The Sarnof Center.
In 1994 the ATSC approved the results of the Grand Alliance tests, and based on these results, in 1996 the respective ATSC system standards were released, which were approved and promulgated by the FCC on April 3, '97. On January 4, 1998, digital transmission began, operating on the frequencies assigned by the FCC according to the plan of the 1st. of July 97.
I omit the NTSC shutdown plan, because the date was changed several times, and despite the fact that in January 2000 there were already 190 stations broadcasting digital – 67 in HD – the shutdown only began in 2009 in the middle of the year. In April 2011, the FCC ordered the ATSC to allow the U.S. to The U.S. had to have a digital TV system with COFDM modulation. On September 6 of the same year, ATSC announced the formation of the Technology Group – TG 3 – which developed the ATSC 3.0 system.
On April 1, 2013, the FCC publicly announced the change to the new standard, which is totally different and incompatible with the current ATSC 1 standard. The date on which the change should begin has not been published, but the truth is that it will require a total change in the transmission and reception systems. The change is subject to spectrum auctioning.
However, there is a tentative plan in which TG 3 began to design and develop the new system, and which would end with the start of assembly or change to ATSC 3.0 in 2016. This date "coincides" with the proposal made at the NAB 2013 convention to begin implementing the single global system of the new Digital TV system.
Global system bandwidths
The new television that is proposed to start installing from 2016 will have three bandwidths: 1.7 MHz., 5 MHz., and 10 MHz. The first is for use in the DVB-T2 Lite mobile reception television, which has already begun to be used in Europe. The width of 5 MHz., will be for digital terrestrial television -DTT- in all the signatory countries of the ITU and the width of 10 MHz., will be for the special applications of video in ultra high definition -UHD-, 4K and 8K.
The main reason for this decrease in bandwidth across the planet is to increase the digital dividend, which generates huge profits for countries, due to the rental of radio spectrum for mobile broadband applications. It is said that in the US two years ago 25 MHz were auctioned. Of the digital dividend in the not insignificant sum of US $ 25,000'000,000!!!
Equipment for the new era
Current digital television transmitters can be readjusted using software. For receivers, Sony has already developed its third generation of the so-called "chip set" that handles bandwidths of 1.7, 5, 6, 7, and 8 MHz. The chip is designed to decode all digital television versions of the European DVB system used in Cable, Satellite and Terrestrial.
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